Published: March 22, 2008 04:12 pm      

Health Beat: Lymphedema therapy

Lymphedema is swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of protein rich fluid and water in the interstitial spaces. It usually occurs in an arm or leg, but may also occur in the abdomen, face/neck, or other areas.

There are two classifications of lymphedema: Primary and Secondary. Primary Lymphedema is caused by abnormal development of lymph vessels. It may be evident at birth, or it may not present itself until later during puberty, pregnancy, or a trauma.

Secondary Lymphedema is the most common type of lymphedema and usually occurs following treatments for cancer, such as surgery or radiation. These treatments may damage, or remove, the lymph nodes or the lymphatic vessels. Secondary Lymphedema may also be caused by trauma, infection, or it can be self-induced.

Secondary Lymphedema may be prevented in certain circumstances. Anyone who has had surgical intervention, such as a mastectomy, a lumpectomy, and/or radiation therapy for breast cancer, should avoid IV's, blood draws, blood pressure checks, and injections in the arm on the side of the body he or she received cancer treatment. Anyone who has had treatment for reproductive or genital cancer should avoid injections or trauma and injury to his or her legs.

Anyone who has had recent surgery or injury, may need to wear a compression garment when flying due to decreased air pressure. This decrease in air pressure can cause an “at risk arm” or leg to swell. Compression garments come in various sizes and compression classes. To be sure a patient has the appropriate garment prior to travel, a Certified Lymphedema Therapist can assess the patient for the size and the amount of compression he or she will require.

Other tips for preventing Lymphedema are to avoid injury or infection to the affected area by using sunscreen and insect repellent regularly as burns and insect bites can increase swelling and promote infection. Use gloves when washing dishes, cooking, cleaning, or working outdoors. Do not cut cuticles, and use an electric razor when shaving.

Treatment for Lymphedema includes manual lymph drainage (which uses a lighter touch than massage), bandaging, exercise, and meticulous skin care. Initially treatment is five days per week. Once the swelling is down, you can be fitted with a garment to maintain these results.

Anyone with unusual swelling, should contact his or her doctor to see if it could be due to lymphedema. If so, the doctor can refer the patient to Valley View Outpatient Physical Therapy for treatment by Certified Lymphedema Therapists.